Depression: Causes or Effects? Essay examples -- Biology Essays Resear

Depression Causes or Effects? Depression supplies a distinct depiction of the brain equals behavior theory. The physiological characteristics that smirch the diseased brain directly impact the thoughts and behaviors of the millions of sufferers. The genesis of this dehabilitating problem is both mysterious and complicated and I am not offering any categorization of revelation in stating that it is a multi-factorial manifestation involving both biological and environmental components. The end product of these variable factors do, however, provide some common biochemical alterations in the brain that lend insight into understanding the reality and possible treatment of the disease. So, in the spirit of working backwards, I will explore this end product. perhaps the most popularized end-product of depression is the monoamine depletion or disturbance that is commonly detected in depressed persons. Serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine have been identified as the main culprits, sero tonin and norepinephrine being the most suspect. Among the findings linking impoverished synaptic norepinephrine levels to depression is the discovery in may studies that indirect markers of norepinephrine levels in the brain-levels of its metabolites, or by-products, in more(prenominal) accessible material (urine and cerebrospinal fluid)-are often low in depressed individuals. In addition, postmortem studies have revealed increased densities of certain norepinephrine receptors in the cerebral mantle of depressed suicide victims (indicating compensatory up-regulation) (1).It is not surprising that deficits in serotonin circuits are also seen in depressed patients, as these depletions may interact with and indeed be responsible for falls in norepinephrine levels (a phen... ...havior equals the brain. A simple point, granted, but it does explain why behaviors (perhaps instigated by stressful environmental input) have the potentiality to physically change the brain. Likewise, as st ated before, if the cause of depression is sometimes just an inherently sick brain, then it is understandable why some community have intense episodes of depression with no apparent environmental trigger. And if you cannot have a brain without behavior and you cannot have behavior without a brain, it would make wiz that the two must interact, both serving as causes and effects working to perpetuate the vicious cycle of depression. Internet Sources1)Scientific American Article, 2)http//mymindfield.com/common_predispositions.html 3)http//www.eurekalert.org/releases/uwashpsp111299.html 4)http//www.psychological.com/psychological_disorders.html

Faithful and Fruitful Logic :: Logic Philosophy Papers

Faithful and Fruitful LogicAppropriate for a conference relating doctrine and education, we seek ways more faithful than the truth-functional (TF) hook to understand and represent that ordinary- speech conditional which we use in, e.g., modus p onenessns, and that conditionals remote and counterfactual counterparts, and also the proper negations of all three. such a logic might obviate the paradoxes caused by T-F representation, and be educationally fruitful. William and Martha Kneale and Gilbert Ryle assist us In the hypothetical case in which p, it is inferable, on the basis that p and at least in the given context, that q. Inferable is explained. This paraphrase is the foundation of the logic of hypothetical inferability (HI logic). It generates the negative but non-TF dodge hib (= there is a hypothetical-inferability bar against the conjoint proposition that), followed by a bracketed conjunction. This is an enriched negative hib (p . -q) is stronger than -(p . -q), and -hib ( dash hib = there is no h-i bar...) offers us -hib (p . -q), weaker than p . -q. Thus equipped, we cigarette test deductive arguments by the CI (Compatible-or-incompatible?) method explained, and explode paradoxes. The paraphrase, hib, and the CI method are fruitful in training students to understand this conditional, and to demonstrate sure-enough(prenominal) validity or invalidity. The logic generally taught to English-speaking students is symbolic logic. How faithful is it when employed as a representation of the connectives they use and will use in their ordinary conversation and in most of their intellectual activity, at least if they are not mathematicians? How fruitful for their education? Is there a logic more faithful and likely to be more fruitful? A conference inviting us to relate philosophy and education makes those questions especially opportune.IReviewing Strawsons gate to Logical Theory in Mind (1953), Quine admits that Strawson is good on and if/then and rightly observes the divergence between the two. But he left unchanged his handling of the conditional in subsequent editions of his textbooks. In the review he writes unconcernedly (as would be impossible for Ryle, Austin or Strawson) of the Procrustean treatment of ordinary language at the hands of logicians, defending it by offering symbolic logic as the appropriate language for science, and suggesting that philosophy of science comes close to being philosophy enough.Ackermann, in the Preface to his Modern Deductive Logic, takes quite a different approach. He emphasises the mathematical and scientific applications of symbolic deductive logic, but says one may well wonder whether it has enough philosophical value to justify a major place in the philosophy curriculum.

Lincoln - Douglas Debate :: essays research papers

Affirmative Case Introduction- "We mustiness use every beam ofdiplomacy and law we have available, while maintainingboth the capacity and the resolve to defend freedom. Wemust have the vision to explore new avenues when familiarones have the appearance _or_ semblance closed. And we must go forward with a will asgreat as our goal to build a practical peace that will stand up through the remaining years of this century and farinto the next. Because I believe so strongly in the words ofU.S. Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright, when shespoke at the Stimson nerve Event, June 10, 1998, that Iask you to affirm todays resolution, Resolved The use ofeconomic sanctions to achieve U.S. Foreign Policy goals ismoral. Before I go on, I feel it necessary to define somekey phrases in this resolution ? Economic sanctions- thedeliberate, disposal inspired withdrawal, or threat ofwithdrawal, of customary trade or financial relations."Customary" does not mean "contractual" it simply meanslevels of trade and financial activity that would probablyhave occurred in the absence of sanctions. ? To achieve- to follow through ? U.S. Foreign Policy goals- to encompass changesexpressly sought by the sender state in the politicalbehavior of the target state. ? Moral- capable of right and abuse action or of being governed by a sense of rightsubject to the law of duty. I ask you to affirm this resolutionin entrap to achieve my all-important value premise ofsocietal welfare. To make my position clear, I will definesocietal welfare as the United States governments duty toact in the nations best interest. This also refers to what themajority of the citizens want. To achieve societal welfare, Ishall utilize the criterion of case security. I will definenational security as the governments obligation to protectits citizens. It is in this way that the United Statesgovernment must proceed to achieve its greatest goal ofsocietal welfare by exercising the security of our nation.Now on to the core of the affirmative case My kickoffcontention in this debate is that sanctions aim to modifybehavior, not punish. Sanctions do not exist to ostracize orpunish, but rather they encourage a change of policy thatleads to compliance with standards of international law.One of our goals is to change or destabilize the targetsgovernment, which means to change its policies that involvehuman rights, terrorism, and nuclear nonproliferation.Others are to disrupt a relatively minor military adventureand to change the policies of the target in a major way,such as, to surrender a territory. Our goals are NOT to go

Importance of Knowing Other Cultures :: Cross-cultural Experiences

Question Answered Present the ways in which cross-cultural experiences strengthen a continuous development of the population environment.   Cross-cultural experiences can be numerous things. It could be as simple as having a potluck, joining a book club, or participating in a forum. Cross-cultural experiences can also be moving to or visiting a different neighborhood, city, state, or country. All of these activities involve an exchange of ideas virtually peoples identities.   Let us suppose an American boy, who I will refer to as someone A for the purposes of this paper, visits his Japanese friend, person B., In their everyday interactions, they colloquy about their families, ancestors, history, favorite food, hobbies, etc. Person A, consciously or not, gives knowledge of the reality of his culture. As in any other initial exposure to something foreign, person B enters into this experience with some preconceived notions. As he listens to and observes person A, he sets to understand an identity - particularly, that of person A. Consequently, person B gains knowledge, and uses it to resolve his stereotypes and sincerely adjust his opinions. A more significant consequence of this particular cross-cultural experience is what results in person B. In such an exchange two things come to effect. One, person B becomes compelled to teach person A about his own culture. His appreciation for his new knowledge, as well as his own desire to give up others of misconceptions about his culture drives him to share his identity with those around him, starting with his friend. Eventually, the knowledge spreads and so does the drive to educate. Two, this exchange allows person B to exercise the important righteousness of having an open mind. He becomes open to experience different cultures because of a resulting desire to understand the diverse world. In turn, the world environment continues to develop because, not that are there more people who are willing to ed ucate, more people are willing to learn with an open mind.   The evolution of the globalized societal adorn is directly connected to the occurrence of cross-cultural experiences. This is because, with more understanding about the world cultures, we can continue to evolve as a unified company of individuals. The world environment is defined by how we interact with each other. It involves relationships as inclusive as a countrys interaction with another country or as intimate as someones friendship with his roommate.

Bisphenol A Essay -- Chemistry, Polycarbonate Plastics

In society, Bisphenol A is also known as BPA its important and relevant in some areas alike in cars and medical equipments and not so important for the human body. BPA is mostly link to metal cans. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the molecular process, the real creation applications, and the advantages and disadvantages of Bisphenol A. Bisphenol A has deep connection in the can fashioning industry, in the NACAR business and the history of Bisphenol A.Bisphenol A is a chemical building block that is utilise primarily to make polycarbonate plastics and epoxy rosins. Polycarbonate plastics is a plastic that is lightweight, its a high performance plastic, that possesses a balance of toughness, stability, optical clarity, high heat subway and excellent electrical resistance. Because of these abilities, polycarbonate is used in a wide variety of common products, such as us in CDs and videodiskS. An epoxy resin begins with the reaction of two compounds, Bisphenol A and epichl orohydrin. Epoxy is a thermosetting epoxies polymer that cures when mixed with a catalyzing agent that makes the hardness of the can. What this means is, when you are making polymer, when you are mixing these two chemicals together you get a hardness that is made and put into cans to give their hardness. According to Dr. Castan of Greenlee (1936), The request for epoxy is based on materials that are extensive and have include coatings, adhesives and complex materials such as those using carbon fiber and fiberglass reinforcements. (Greenlee and Castan, paragraph 2). Also Epoxy resin is a hard substance created when two substances, an epoxies and a polyamine, are combined. In most cases the two chemicals are epichlorahydrin and Bisphenol A.Bisphenol A was invest... ...ic no steroidal estrogen stilbesterol (DES) during their pregnancies between 1948 and 1971 and have 2.5 times the normal incidence of breast cancer.In general, my topic is Bisphenol A and it has a muti-step molecular p rocess which allows many real creation implications, such as cancer, over weight. In addition Bisphenol A molecular process involves a hard way molecular process which allowed bathing the polymers let it cool down, and then making the diepoxy polymers. And tying it together with an electron at each end. This disadvantage doesnt help the human body because it makes you body wanton and you cant treat these wellness issues. In our society Bisphenol A could offer a solution to the problem of human body and lower the health issues down. And also many people can start making healthy choices in life instead of eating can intellectual nourishment try fresh food instead.

Bisphenol A Essay -- Chemistry, Polycarbonate Plastics

In society, Bisphenol A is also known as BPA its important and germane(predicate) in some areas like in cars and medical equipments and not so important for the benignant body. BPA is mostly link to metal cans. The purpose of this paper is to hold forth the molecular(a) subroutine, the real world applications, and the advantages and disadvantages of Bisphenol A. Bisphenol A has deep connection in the can making industry, in the NACAR business and the history of Bisphenol A.Bisphenol A is a chemical substance building block that is used primarily to make polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate plastics is a plastic that is lightweight, its a high performance plastic, that possesses a balance of toughness, stability, opthalmic clarity, high heat resistance and excellent electrical resistance. Because of these abilities, polycarbonate is used in a wide variety of common products, such as us in CDs and DVDS. An epoxy resin begins with the reaction of two compounds, Bis phenol A and epichlorohydrin. Epoxy is a thermosetting epoxies polymer that cures when mixed with a catalyzing agent that makes the austereness of the can. What this means is, when you are making polymer, when you are mixing these two chemicals together you get a hardness that is made and put into cans to give their hardness. According to Dr. Castan of Greenlee (1936), The implore for epoxy is based on materials that are extensive and have include coatings, adhesives and complex materials such as those using carbon fiber and fiberglass reinforcements. (Greenlee and Castan, dissever 2). Also Epoxy resin is a hard substance created when two substances, an epoxies and a polyamine, are combined. In most cases the two chemicals are epichlorahydrin and Bisphenol A.Bisphenol A was invest... ...ic no steroidal estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) during their pregnancies between 1948 and 1971 and have 2.5 times the normal incidence of breast cancer.In general, my topic is Bisphenol A and i t has a muti-step molecular process which allows many real world implications, such as cancer, over weight. In addition Bisphenol A molecular process involves a hard way molecular process which allowed bathing the polymers letting it cool down, and then making the diepoxy polymers. And tying it together with an electron at each end. This disadvantage doesnt help the benevolent body because it makes you body weak and you cant treat these health issues. In our society Bisphenol A could offer a solution to the problem of human body and lower the health issues down. And also many people can start making healthy choices in life alternatively of eating can food try fresh food instead.

Biodiversity Notes

Segmented bodies 2. Jointed exoskeletons 3. Hemlock body cavity 4. Hemolytic blood 5. cut down ocelot 6. Paired, Jointed appendages 7. Distinct head and trunk datagram Lineages Moorlands Insects Collateral Crustaceans Millipedes centipedes Insects Spider, horse shoe crabs, ticks, mites Lobster, shrimp, crabs Decision, short segments, separate sexes, internal fertilization, female eggs Cent 1 pair legs per segment, anterior most appendages for biting, carnivores intake poison, Mill 2 pair per segment, detersives, 1. datagram head, thorax, abdomen 2. 3 pairs walking legs on ventral thorax 3. 1 or 2 pairs wings on dorsal thorax 4 sets of mouthpart labium, mandible, maxilla, labium Decision, separate sexes Anterior/posterior regions, lack antennae but eyes and 6 pairs of appendages, childcare appendages safe mouth, no metamorphosis Segmented body divided Into exploratory, carapace plantlike section that covers & protects exploratory, branched appendages, 2 pair of teenage Insect Ecosystem Services 1. Eat early(a) Insects . Pollinate plants 3. Recycle nutrients 4.Form the heterocyclic base of many food chains Dermatomes Echinoderms Calcium Carbonate Tube feet with podia Podia Roles in Eating pry apart lamellibranch shells, secrete mucus, and flick food to cilia Lineages Crinoline Feather stars sea lilies Sessile suspension feeders by arms, attached to substrate by a stalk, feather use arms to crawl, mouth directed upward with arms circling Aphrodite Brittle stars basket stars 5 or more long flexible arms in piffling disk, all types of sustenance, tube feet lack suckers, eve by lashing arm serpent like Holidaymaker sea cucumbers Sausage-shaped, suspension or deposit feeding using tentacles- modified tube feet around mouth, lack spines and reduced endorsement, 5 rows of tube feet Asteroid Sea stars 5 or more arms meet central mouth, stomach, anus predators or scavengers crawl with tube feet Oceanside Sea urchins sand dollars Urchins globe-shaped, long spi ne, crawl along substrate, herbivores Dollars flattened disk shaped, short spine, burrow, suspension feed Contraindicated Sea Daisies 0 2 species are known, disk-shaped body, armless, tiny, absorb nutrients through the membrane surrounding their body Chordate 4 morphological features 1. Pharyngeal gill slits openings in the throat 2.Nerve cord runs length of body comprised of projections from neurons 3. Notched supportive flexible rod that run length of body 4. Post-anal tail muscular Cheeseboards Orchestrate Lancelot or godless Denunciates sea squirts or slaps Small, mobile suspension feeders, resemble fish, notched functions as knotholes in adults and aids in movement, characteristics intermediate between invertebrate and verve, sex produce and external fertilization Gill slits in larva and adult notched, nerve cord, and tail only in larvae exoskeleton-like coat of polysaccharide called a tunic U-shaped gut two siphon suspension feeders larva Vertebrates 2 Seismographs 1 .V ertebrae column of cartilaginous or bony structures which form a column along dorsal sides, protecting spinal anesthesia cord 2. Cranium (skull) bony, cartilaginous, or fibrous case that encloses and protects the brain 3 Regions of Brain 1 . Foreordain sense of smell elaborated into cerebrum 2. Mandarin visual sensation 3. Handrail balance and hearing Jawed vertebrates anemometers cerebellum and medulla obbligato 5 Innovations of Vertebrates 1 . Bony endorsement 2. Bony exoskeleton 3. Amniotic egg 4. Jaws 5. Limbs capable of moving on land Vertebrate Eccentricities (SHARKS) Sharks, rays, skates Distinguishing features cartilaginous skeleton, paired fins, Jaws Sharks fertilization and fertilized eggs or viviparous consists of internal

Law Self Reflection for Mgt388 Module

Self-Reflection I didnt appreciate that counseling and uprightness were important to me sooner I came to the UK. I did accounting in my high school but it was all just about getting high marks. This is because I have unendingly been studying scientific things and I didnt think that the lack of knowledge about law and finance would affect or bother me. This was until I move into a house, and the landlord refused to pay me back my deposit as we only had an oral agreement no contract was made. Furthermore, I started a business on eBay. I discovered I managed my business poorly as I didnt keep any records.From that moment, I felt that I needed to improve my index to manage my money and be professional with my future jobs. MGT388, this staff gave me a chance to study something that I indeed wanted to learn. Learning This module gave me a chance to learn things in another field I havent touched before. I felt challenged, but I was excited. I accompanied every lecture and most of t he learnials in the 10 weeks, and studied hard by reading extra information as I knew the importance of this module related to my present and my future career. I found out that taking notes in colourful pens and doing mind maps helps me a lot in learning.Experience I enjoyed the law tutorials. We discussed with the tutor based on real scenarios. It was not the traditional learning pattern, it was more interactive. We had a chance to say what we thought and judge the colleagues opinion too. The tutor in my tutorial is a really nice lady, she is very patient and explains things really clearly. Reflection The coursework and the online tests are the best reflections from the module. The team coursework not only rewrite what we have studied, it also alter my leadership and communication skill.It helped me develop more understanding about company management and contract. I found that the four management accounting tests were really helpful I did each test two times so that I understand where I went wrong. I always improved on the second test as I read the comment of the question and reconsidered the situation in the question. Abstraction From MGT388, I learnt many new things that I think would help me a lot for my career in the future. The module is an overview of management and law, but the topics in the module are carefully chosen for plan students.This changes my viewpoint about engineering. Sometimes engineering is not only about calculations and designs. Sometimes, costs and avenues are important too for a company to survive. Learning In the future, I will apply the knowledge I learnt from this module to my eBay business, and try to get a better management experience from my teensy-weensy business. This is a small practise before I go to a real company for work. Maybe I am going to make mistakes, but I think this module gives me the ability to study and review more information and knowledge.

Poem Explication: “The Dance” by William Carlos Williams Essay

William Carlos Williamss The Dance (1944) illustrates the joyous, lively atmosphere of a fair. It too uses textual patterns to represent the dance depicted in Brueghels great painting, The Kermess. The verbalizer, who is describing the painting, uses the poems tempo, rhymes, and repetitions to accomplish this effect.The Dance stands out from some of Williamss much famous poems. The Red Wheelbarrow (1923) and This Is and To Say (1934) be both entirely motionless and describe specific moments in time. While The Danse address a single moment as well, it is full of motion. This obvious difference comes to life in the first base line when the poem begins to describe Brueghels painting, The Kermess. Kermess literally representation peasant dance. It depicts men and women dancing in celebration of the founding of a church. The speaker makes it clear that the dancers are not professionals with his description of their bodies, their hips and their bellies off balance to overthrow them swinging those butts (7-9). These are evidently everyday people dancing for joy.Williamss text is overwhelmingly joyful. The squeal and the blare and tweedle of bagpipes, a bugle and fiddles tipping their bellies (3-5). These peasants are happy and lost in the squeal of music. One can almost hear the upbeat rhythm of bagpipes, bugles, and fiddles as they read the poems words. Just as the speaker describes the specific moment, the crowd is lost in this moment. They are not thinking of debt or financial problems, only the ever-moving dance.The dance becomes more fell and out of tune. The dancers never loose their get by or passion, only their rhythm. They are fat and off balance, but they keep on dancing. Those shanks must be skilful to bear up under such rollicking measures (10-11). Williamss poem shows us that life is beautiful in the most ordinary ways. The speaker depicts ordinary people dancing in great detail. We see the splendor of a simple event. We see the life worth livi ng. This parallels Williamss belief that poetry is equipment for living. The speaker actually advises readers to live with the same enthusiasm as the dancers in Brueghels painting. Prance as the dance in Brueghels great picture, The Kermess (11-12). Repetition of the first line of the poem also adds to the sudden sentimental feeling.Williams mirrors the joyous rhythm of the fair with the words on the page. The poem opens with a sense of interlacing movement. The dancers go round, they go round, and around (2-3). At the same time that the speaker repeats the word round, he opens the rhyming pattern, beginning with round. Throughout the poem, we hear the same rhyming end roundaroundroundimpoundFair Groundssound. Like the dancers, the words bring the interlacing feel round and round through the poem.The wrench feel and movement of the poem goes very fast. There is only one full stop in the poem, which is on line eight. Additionally, the fist letter of for each one line remains lower case, increasing the velocity at which one reads. The reader moves with the same force and enthusiasm as the joyous dancers in Brueghels painting. The text moves with circular motion in two ways. First, it moves round and round with the rhyme scheme. Then, it finishes with the same line as it began, again suggesting circularity.Williams echoes the tone of a Brueghels painting, The Kermess, in his poemThe Dance. The poem was indite towards the end of his career, almost 20 years after he famously wrote The Red Wheelbarrow. The Dance is appropriately written in open form, as it captures the painting to words translation. The words dance like the peasants in the painting. Williamss speaker touches on the simple life of love and dance the life of the moment.View as multi-pages

Netflix Case Study

Running Head NETFLIX ON THE MOVE CHANGES IN THE MOVIE RENTAL transaction Contents Introduction. 3 Changes Within The Movie Rental Business 4 NetFlix History and Strategies.. 6 Analyzing NetFlix Results.. .. 9 Review and Recommendations.. 10 Conclusion. 12 References. 13 Introduction ar reprieveing is the guild that is suitable to make it to the top of their industry in quick fashion and remain there atop of only the rest of the industries.Taking off trade sh ar from diffe withdraw established companies is a feat that does non occur by accident. NetFlix is a participation that was born in 1997 and by 2007 had revenues exceeding $1 billion. Not every competitors were prep atomic number 18d to handle the parvenue strategies being employed by NetFlix and near fell quickly. Strategies and qualifys inwardly the motion picture rental caper that allowed NetFlix to extend to such a quick seam succeeder story and others to fall just as quickly exit be explored to giv e a abstemious picture of some of the external factors that were relevant in the NetFlix racement.By reviewing and analyzing some of the business decisions by NetFlix over the past 10 classs, it will provide a make better understanding of the effects of these decisions. Although NetFlix has obtained some great results over these yrs, there are also lessons to be learned and recommendations that can be given so that some of the less beneficial business decisions will not be repeated. This exploration of the NetFlix business strategy and the results from executing their strategies will stand by gain insight on how important it is to stay involved with the guest and satisfy the needs of the market.Changes Within the Movie Rental Business The moving picture rental industry has reinvented itself often and in impressive fashion. Providing diversion in the most contented and cost-effective fashion has be bed the motivator for ten-fold changes within the industry. The video indu stry began to take false in the 1980s with sizabler chains like Blockbuster and Movie picture gallery rising over the previous smaller shops. These sweet avenues are providing videos grant a better excerption and often better set for the common video consumer.The popularity of these chains became more popular some the adult male and the businesses kept adding buildings and locations and became genuinely popular for their wide selections, reasonable footings, and membership perks. Before long, these businesses added the increasingly get take downing gaming rentals as wellspring making it convenient to at present rent games for a much lower cost than purchasing the games. public lavatory was impacted once again as NetFlix came on the scene in the late 1990s. No other businesses had made efforts to use the unorthodox method of trip outing videodisks to their nodes.Rather than jumping in the car and heading to the nearest video store, NetFlix capitalized on bringing the videos to the customer victimisation their mailbox. Not only was it convenient, NetFlix allowed customers to hang on to the videodisk without incurring late stipends until the customer was ready to return and pick a freshly motion-picture show to be shipped out. Rather than a charge for each plastic film as the tralatitious method was for all other players, NetFlix charged in a monthly fee structure that allowed scene memorizeers to continue to take hold of videos as quickly as they could watch and send back with a prayer for a new movie.Although NetFlix was at first looked at as a non-threat with their entrance into the market, it was not long to begin with others began make efforts to copy the methods that NetFlix had brought to life. Further supply by convenience, hassle- free Redbox kiosks offering $1 new releases at your local grocery store or gas station came on to the scene in 2004 and had grown to more than 25,000 kiosks by the year 2011 (Sunderland, 2011). Redbox began as an adventure with McDonalds in order to add more convenience for the McDonalds customers.In 2004, the concept of Redbox historically started gaining steam. With the volume of locations at McDonalds restaurants, proto(prenominal) headlines read, Would you like a videodisc with your fries? and Order Your Big Mac and DVD to Go (The History of Redbox). And what are the newest trends in making video rental even more convenient? Video pelting has taken movie watching to a new level as there are multiple companies competing in this method of takeing a wide selection of movies and TV episodes over the mesh.However, NetFlix has had a start on its competition by emerging as the worlds largest subscription service for movie watchers with over 15 million subscribers in 2010 (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013). NetFlix has enjoyed being at the top of the industry until recently. over the past 10 years, NetFlix contain has increased 1700% (Wofford, 2013). The difference tod ay is that other businesses defecate caught on to the successful NetFlix strategies and methods. Competition has risen significantly in the mesh be adrift method of delivering movies hands down to home watchers.virago flower is integrity of NetFlixs recent competitors in both the DVD rental and the drift internet video. Amazon Prime is another companionship that has significant and impressive emersion in the past 10 years as stocks have soared over 1,100% (Wofford, 2013). Although Amazon Prime had not reached the heights of exploitation as NetFlix has accomplished, the ride for Amazon Prime has been at a steadier pace. And there are others that have entered the DVD and internet streaming movie distribution as well. Even Walmart has begun to enter the internet streaming market to care in this growing method of convenient movie watching.DirecTV, succession Warner, DISH Ne dickensrk, AT&T, and Verizon are all companies that have created more competition in the market by ut ilizing existing or newer technology allowing for more fortune of movie and TV entertainment by providing convenient movie selections while bewilderting at home. NetFlix History and Strategies NetFlix was formed and incorporated in 1997 by two new technology entrepreneurs beating-reed instrument Hastings and Marc Randolph (Funding Universe). The two entrepreneurs set out to sell and rent the recently created DVD over the internet and deliver to the tenants mailbox.Few stores in 1997 carried DVDs which was new format that was new technology as compared to the video tape. Although the DVD players were expensive as they entered the market, the two entrepreneurs set their strategy that the DVD would soon re blot the video tape and began to figure how to best get it to the movie watcher. Experimentation with different mailers ended with a package that would successfully be sent to and from the renter for the impairment of a postage stamp. The company began to purchase copies of the nearly 1,000 available titles available on DVD and with 30 employees opened for business on August14, 1998 (Funding Universe).Pricing and discounts were created to invite the consumer to rent more while giving ample time to watch the movies and return. Soon aft(prenominal) opening, promotions were given through sweepstakes and additional free DVDs with the purchase of some blade name DVD players. Not only could movie watchers rent but they also could keep and purchase that similar DVD if it was to their liking to do so. NetFlix was not born, however, to only send DVDs through the mail. As the name implies, the founders had a vision and strategy to expand further into the access that the internet would provide.With year after year major growth, in 2006 NetFlix ended the year with over 6. 3 million members (NetFlix). In 2007, NetFlix introduced to its members the ability to stream and watch movies and TV shows safe on their personal com raiseers. Now the challenge for the NetFlix team was to invent a carriage of getting streaming movies into everyones homes. And the strategy began new life again creating and experimenting with devices to cook this. After several ideas and some failed concepts, NetFlix strategy changed once again.The widespread adoption of broadband connections to the internet had taken place in consumers homes and Microsoft and NetFlix strategies met up. Microsoft had already put out the Xbox and had envisioned it to be more than just a serious gaming system. Microsof t found NetFlixs ideas of streaming movies over the Xbox device to the concealment to be a good fit. Soon, more other devices and TVs were built with a chip and the NetFlix application to stream thousands of movies and TV shows right to the living room. NetFlix continued to grow and be the leaders in this industry while taking away market share rom other traditional methods of renting and watching videos. NetFlix counselling believed that the subscriber consisted of three types of customers those who liked convenience of home delivery, bargain hunters who liked a good priced movie, and movie buffs who wanted a wide selection of movies (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013). The sum was a weak spot for NetFlix, however. Despite having a presently large movie rental business, NetFlix did not have the contacts it needed to bring the wide selection of Hollywood movies to the consumers screens.Although access to NetFlix may be cutting edge, few would watch if it only had older videos and TV shows (Roth, 2009). NetFlix began to calculate out ways to desegregate forces with other businesses that would give them access to more content. Not only was it lacking in content, but also needed to in some manner gain access to the movie blockbusters much sooner. In many cases, hit movies would not be available to NetFlix for months and in some cases it would be years earlier these would be able to be watched by NetFlix subscribers.In 2008, NetFlix found agreement with Starz enabling the addition of 2,500 fresh videos to NetFlixs services (Roth, 2009). Underlying NetFlixs great success from the years 2007 2011 was the understanding that they had to deliver additional content and make more available for streaming. Another strategy emerged in September 2011. Hastings announced that the company would charge dismantlely for DVD rental and streaming video and that a new company named Qwikster would be formed to handle the DVD rental wad (Funding Universe).With substantial increases to consumers and issues like separate billings, users began to voice their displeasure with this strategy and many subscribers began to cancel their subscription. New subscriptions began to suffer as well with the new format and the price increase that was introduced. NetFlix reasoned that the change was needed due to the increase costs in licensing and streaming videos (Seeking Alpha, 2013). It was not long before the outcry of the customer and the handout of subsc ribers made Hastings second thought this strategy.By the end of 2011, Hastings admitted that strategy was not appropriate and dropped the division of the DVD and streaming making them once again one entity. But by then, scathe had been through with(p) and the ugly strategy had taken its toll on the business while its stock had dropped by 75% (Funding Universe). The sure strategy being prosecute by NetFlix is one of moving to International expansion. Though many countries may not have the infrastructure in place to be able to stream from the internet, many countries do and this may be a fantastic opportunity for NetFlix to continue to grow.NetFlix has gained over 6 million subscribers within two years of its assemble into International markets (Forbes, 2013). Although NetFlix seems to be leading now in the movie streaming industry just as it did with its strategy to mail deliver DVDs, competition is already on its way in the streaming movie business. Competition will continue to come up with their own unique strategies in their efforts to steal away some of the market share and success that has enabled NetFlix to continue to be successful. Analyzing NetFlix ResultsThe successful results of NetFlix over the years since its beginning can be seen in many statistical views. Focusing on the customer to tell us how NetFlix has performed would show us that from 2002 it grew from 600,000 members to over 6,000,000 members in 2006 (NetFlix). Each year after, NetFlix has gained a substantial quantity of members and in 2010 had over 20,000,000 members (NetFlix). Although there was a loss of subscribers in 2012 due to the Qwikster strategy of just about 1 million subscribers, 2013 is estimated that NetFlix has over 33,000,000 subscribers in 40 different countries (Market Watch, 2013).The drum up has emphatically made up for the loss of a year ago. This is amazing growth in a short fare of time and NetFlix has done well to keep ahead of its growth with its infrast ructure and planning. Many of the new subscribers every year were customers to local video outlets which have now suffered the reduction in business due to NetFlixs success. The opposite effect of NetFlixs success can be seen in businesses like Movie Gallery and Blockbuster as they have taken a large hit even to the extent of bankruptcy.Although it may be a short trip down to the video store, consumers have definitely shown by the numbers of subscribers that they enjoy the benefit and value of being able to have the movies come to them. Revenues are another way to show the success of NetFlix over the past 15 years. Like many other startup companies, the early years were not profitable. In 1999, the coming had to accept $30 million in losses on only $5 million dollars of revenue (Funding Universe). However, by 2005 revenues had exceeded $600 million with net income of $42 million (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013).By 2008, these amounts had twofold (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013) and in 2012 NetFlix taradiddleed $3. 6 billion of revenue which was increase from the prior year by about 12% with $226 million net income (Bloomberg Business Week, 2013) . 2011 axiom about a large growth of about 48% when compared to 2010 and while there was some growth of competitors in the recent years, many have seen oppose growth in revenues part due to the success of NetFlix. NetFlix has dominated market share in the digital on-line viewing of movies. According to a report by Sandvine Inc. in 2012, Netflix had captured 33% of prime-time web viewing (Edwards, 2012).As well, NetFlix has gained over 61% of all movie watching in the United States and with its aggressive strategy march on to increase that as well as move aggressively internationally. Although international business continues to grow in subscribers, it is not yet profitable and currently is erasing much of the profits of the US business. It will take some time to get established internationally and provide pro fits. Stock prices for NetFlix had escalated significantly from the 2009 level of about $30 per share to the billhook high value of $300 per share in 2011, but began a sharp downward trend in 2011 after the introduction of Qwikster.Basic earnings per share rose from a 2009 level of $2. 05 to that of $4. 28 in 2011 (NetFlix Investor Relations). It has taken some time to rebound from the events that surrounded the Qwikster disappointment, but stocks now seem to be keep to increase as they appear to be reaching toward the $175 per share level. Review and Recommendations Over the short existence of the NetFlix company, it has done a good course at giving the customer what it has wanted and more. Over 90% of subscribers have indicated that they would recommend the NetFlix service to a friend (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013).NetFlix has been able to stay ahead of the rest of the movie rental industry by staying in touch with their customers and providing the services and movie selecti ons that are important to them. The software that NetFlix has unquestionable has made it easy for the customer to choose movies by categories and provides detail for each movie that helps subscribers make their decisions as to what to watch. The NetFlix software is also able to personalize the movie selection experience by capturing what the viewer has chosen before and what likes and dislikes the viewer has recorded after watching their selection.This personalization brings to the subscribers attention other movies that they may want to watch based on their preferences and likes in the past. NetFlix has given the opportunity for first time users to use the NetFlix services for an entire month for free. This allows the customer to feel like they are getting a real bargain as well as gives them ample time to try out the service before paying for it. The pricing structures that NetFlix has instituted gives the subscriber options as to how many DVDs can be rented at a time along with unlimited streaming.The $8. 99 membership is a bargain as unlimited DVDs and unlimited streaming of movies is included. The largest interruption to the NetFlix business was in 2011 when it unflinching to split the DVD portion of the business independently from the internet streaming portion. This move was not along the same lines as their customers were wanting. Qwikster was the new company that would handle all of the DVD rentals and NetFlix would continue to provide the streaming video. The two companies would not be separate and charge severally as well for their services.With this change, a large price increase would be incurred as well as subscribers would pay separately for each service. It almost seems as though in this instance that NetFlix was not interested in what their customers wanted. The strategy to break these services into two distinct companies was not born from what would satisfy the customer but was rather an internal strategy to satisfy what the owners of NetF lix thought to be advantageous. Along with the change, the communication to the subscribers was ineffective and poorly distributed.This poor decision did not sit well with about 1 million lost customers and stock prices fell dramatically during this period. After the fact, NetFlix heard the voices of the customer and decided to abandon this strategy and go back to the original format, but the damage had been done. The recommendation here is to find out what the customer views as important before fully developing and implementing new changes. NetFlix had been following this well until the 2011 Qwikster event.Now they have learned the hard way how important it is to know what the customer views as valuable in their services. Even with the loss of 1 million customers, NetFlix began to rebound and grow with additional subscribers, but how much more could they have accomplished without this major set- back. Conclusion I have enjoyed the services that NetFlix has provided related to to D VD rentail and streaming movies and TV shows over the internet right to my living room. NetFlix has worked hard to ensure that their customers have many selections at a reasonable price.The company has grown substantially year after year with more customers, revenues, and profits and has taken and maintains the lead in this industry. Although this success has come quickly, it has not come easy. NetFlix has had to efficaciously plan, implement, and successfully change its strategies to satisfy its customers and stay in the industry lead. It has done well in implementing these strategies and the results speak for themselves. References The History of Redbox. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. edbox. com/timeline Sunderland, N. (2011). Convenience The past and future of movie rentals. Retrieved from http//www. tetonvalleynews. net/entertainment/movies/convenience-the-past-and-future-of-movie-rentals/article_d88d5148-5000-11e0-8a97-001cc4c03286. html Gamble, J. E. , Thompson, A. A. , & Peteraf, M. A. (2013). Essentials of strategic management (3rd ed. ). pp. 277-303. Location Mcgraw-Hill Irwin Wofford, T. (2013). How these companies are streaming money. Retrieved from http//beta. fool. om/tlwofford/2013/01/13/online-video-streaming-performing-well/20918/ Funding Universe. (n. d. ) Retrieved from http//www. fundinguniverse. com/company-histories/NetFlix-inc-history/ NetFlix. (n. d. ) Retrieved from https//signup. netflix. com/MediaCenter/Timeline Roth, D. (2009). Netflix everywhere blue(a) cable, youre history. Retrieved from http//www. wired. com/techbiz/it/magazine/17-10/ff_netflix? currentPage=all Seeking Alpha. (2013). Domestically funding international growth the NetFlix strategy. Retrieved from http//seekingalpha. om/article/1293701-domestically-funding-international-growth-the-netflix-strategy Forbes. (2013). Sizing up NetFlixs international subscriber growth potential. Retrieved from http//www. forbes. com/sites/greatspeculations/2013/03/05/sizing-up-net flixs-international-subscriber-growth-potential/ Market Watch. (2013). NetFlix to announce first-quarter 2013 monetary results. Retrieved from http//www. marketwatch. com/story/netflix-to-announce-first-quarter-2013-financial-results-2013-04-02 Bloomberg Business Week. (2013). Retrieved from http//investing. usinessweek. com/research/stocks/earnings/earnings. asp? ticker=NFLX Edwards, C. (2012). Bloomberg. NetFlix dominates streaming rivals in web-video market. Retrieved by http//www. bloomberg. com/news/2012-11-07/netflix-dominates-streaming-rivals-with-growing-web-video-share. html ONeil, M. (2011). Social Times. NetFlix owns 61% of US digital movie market share. Retrieved from http//socialtimes. com/netflix-infographic_b73597 NetFlix Investor Relations (n. d. ) 2011 Annual report. Retrieved from http//ir. netflix. com/annuals. cfmNetflix Case StudyRunning Head NETFLIX ON THE MOVE CHANGES IN THE MOVIE RENTAL BUSINESS Contents Introduction. 3 Changes Within The Movie Rental Busine ss 4 NetFlix History and Strategies.. 6 Analyzing NetFlix Results.. .. 9 Review and Recommendations.. 10 Conclusion. 12 References. 13 Introduction Impressive is the company that is able to make it to the top of their industry in quick fashion and remain there atop of all the rest of the industries.Taking away market share from other established companies is a feat that does not occur by accident. NetFlix is a company that was born in 1997 and by 2007 had revenues exceeding $1 billion. Not all competitors were prepared to handle the new strategies being employed by NetFlix and some fell quickly. Strategies and changes within the movie rental business that allowed NetFlix to accomplish such a quick business success story and others to fall just as quickly will be explored to give a clear picture of some of the external factors that were relevant in the NetFlix movement.By reviewing and analyzing some of the business decisions by NetFlix over the past 10 years, it will provide a be tter understanding of the effects of these decisions. Although NetFlix has obtained some great results over these years, there are also lessons to be learned and recommendations that can be given so that some of the less beneficial business decisions will not be repeated. This exploration of the NetFlix business strategy and the results from executing their strategies will help gain insight on how important it is to stay involved with the customer and satisfy the needs of the market.Changes Within the Movie Rental Business The video rental industry has reinvented itself often and in impressive fashion. Providing entertainment in the most convenient and cost-effective fashion has become the motivator for multiple changes within the industry. The video industry began to take off in the 1980s with larger chains like Blockbuster and Movie Gallery rising over the previous smaller shops. These new avenues are providing videos granted a better selection and often better pricing for the com mon video consumer.The popularity of these chains became more popular around the world and the businesses kept adding buildings and locations and became very popular for their wide selections, reasonable prices, and membership perks. Before long, these businesses added the increasingly growing gaming rentals as well making it convenient to now rent games for a much lower cost than purchasing the games. Convenience was impacted once again as NetFlix came on the scene in the late 1990s. No other businesses had made efforts to use the unorthodox method of mailing DVDs to their customers.Rather than jumping in the car and heading to the nearest video store, NetFlix capitalized on bringing the videos to the customer using their mailbox. Not only was it convenient, NetFlix allowed customers to hang on to the DVD without incurring late fees until the customer was ready to return and pick a new movie to be shipped out. Rather than a charge for each movie as the traditional method was for al l other players, NetFlix charged in a monthly fee structure that allowed movie watchers to continue to watch videos as quickly as they could watch and send back with a request for a new movie.Although NetFlix was at first looked at as a non-threat with their entrance into the market, it was not long before others began make efforts to copy the methods that NetFlix had brought to life. Further fueled by convenience, hassle-free Redbox kiosks offering $1 new releases at your local grocery store or gas station came on to the scene in 2004 and had grown to more than 25,000 kiosks by the year 2011 (Sunderland, 2011). Redbox began as an adventure with McDonalds in order to add more convenience for the McDonalds customers.In 2004, the concept of Redbox really started gaining steam. With the majority of locations at McDonalds restaurants, early headlines read, Would you like a DVD with your fries? and Order Your Big Mac and DVD to Go (The History of Redbox). And what are the newest trends in making video rental even more convenient? Video streaming has taken movie watching to a new level as there are multiple companies competing in this method of delivering a wide selection of movies and TV episodes over the internet.However, NetFlix has had a start on its competition by emerging as the worlds largest subscription service for movie watchers with over 15 million subscribers in 2010 (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013). NetFlix has enjoyed being at the top of the industry until recently. Over the past 10 years, NetFlix stock has increased 1700% (Wofford, 2013). The difference today is that other businesses have caught on to the successful NetFlix strategies and methods. Competition has risen significantly in the internet streaming method of delivering movies conveniently to home watchers.Amazon Prime is one of NetFlixs recent competitors in both the DVD rental and the streaming internet video. Amazon Prime is another company that has significant and impressive growth in t he past 10 years as stocks have soared over 1,100% (Wofford, 2013). Although Amazon Prime had not reached the heights of growth as NetFlix has accomplished, the ride for Amazon Prime has been at a steadier pace. And there are others that have entered the DVD and internet streaming movie distribution as well. Even Walmart has begun to enter the internet streaming market to share in this growing method of convenient movie watching.DirecTV, Time Warner, DISH Network, AT&T, and Verizon are all companies that have created more competition in the market by utilizing existing or newer technology allowing for more opportunity of movie and TV entertainment by providing convenient movie selections while sitting at home. NetFlix History and Strategies NetFlix was formed and incorporated in 1997 by two new technology entrepreneurs Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph (Funding Universe). The two entrepreneurs set out to sell and rent the recently created DVD over the internet and deliver to the rente rs mailbox.Few stores in 1997 carried DVDs which was new format that was new technology as compared to the video tape. Although the DVD players were expensive as they entered the market, the two entrepreneurs set their strategy that the DVD would soon replace the video tape and began to figure how to best get it to the movie watcher. Experimentation with different mailers ended with a package that would successfully be sent to and from the renter for the price of a postage stamp. The company began to purchase copies of the nearly 1,000 available titles available on DVD and with 30 employees opened for business on August14, 1998 (Funding Universe).Pricing and discounts were created to invite the consumer to rent more while giving ample time to watch the movies and return. Soon after opening, promotions were given through sweepstakes and additional free DVDs with the purchase of some brand name DVD players. Not only could movie watchers rent but they also could keep and purchase that same DVD if it was to their liking to do so. NetFlix was not born, however, to only send DVDs through the mail. As the name implies, the founders had a vision and strategy to expand further into the access that the internet would provide.With year after year major growth, in 2006 NetFlix ended the year with over 6. 3 million members (NetFlix). In 2007, NetFlix introduced to its members the ability to stream and watch movies and TV shows right on their personal computers. Now the challenge for the NetFlix team was to invent a way of getting streaming movies into everyones homes. And the strategy began new life again creating and experimenting with devices to attain this. After several ideas and some failed concepts, NetFlix strategy changed once again.The widespread adoption of broadband connections to the internet had taken place in consumers homes and Microsoft and NetFlix strategies met up. Microsoft had already put out the Xbox and had envisioned it to be more than just a serious gaming system. Microsof t found NetFlixs ideas of streaming movies over the Xbox device to the screen to be a good fit. Soon, many other devices and TVs were built with a chip and the NetFlix application to stream thousands of movies and TV shows right to the living room. NetFlix continued to grow and be the leaders in this industry while taking away market share rom other traditional methods of renting and watching videos. NetFlix management believed that the subscriber consisted of three types of customers those who liked convenience of home delivery, bargain hunters who liked a good priced movie, and movie buffs who wanted a wide selection of movies (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013). The content was a weak spot for NetFlix, however. Despite having a now large movie rental business, NetFlix did not have the contacts it needed to bring the wide selection of Hollywood movies to the consumers screens.Although access to NetFlix may be cutting edge, few would watch if it only had olde r videos and TV shows (Roth, 2009). NetFlix began to search out ways to combine forces with other businesses that would give them access to more content. Not only was it lacking in content, but also needed to somehow gain access to the movie blockbusters much sooner. In many cases, hit movies would not be available to NetFlix for months and in some cases it would be years before these would be able to be watched by NetFlix subscribers.In 2008, NetFlix found agreement with Starz enabling the addition of 2,500 fresh videos to NetFlixs services (Roth, 2009). Underlying NetFlixs great success from the years 2007 2011 was the understanding that they had to deliver additional content and make more available for streaming. Another strategy emerged in September 2011. Hastings announced that the company would charge separately for DVD rental and streaming video and that a new company named Qwikster would be formed to handle the DVD rental portion (Funding Universe).With substantial increase s to consumers and issues like separate billings, users began to voice their displeasure with this strategy and many subscribers began to cancel their subscription. New subscriptions began to suffer as well with the new format and the price increase that was introduced. NetFlix reasoned that the change was needed due to the increase costs in licensing and streaming videos (Seeking Alpha, 2013). It was not long before the outcry of the customer and the loss of subscribers made Hastings rethink this strategy.By the end of 2011, Hastings admitted that strategy was not appropriate and dropped the division of the DVD and streaming making them once again one entity. But by then, damage had been done and the poor strategy had taken its toll on the business while its stock had dropped by 75% (Funding Universe). The current strategy being pursued by NetFlix is one of moving to International expansion. Though many countries may not have the infrastructure in place to be able to stream from th e internet, many countries do and this may be a unique opportunity for NetFlix to continue to grow.NetFlix has gained over 6 million subscribers within two years of its launch into International markets (Forbes, 2013). Although NetFlix seems to be leading now in the movie streaming industry just as it did with its strategy to mail deliver DVDs, competition is already on its way in the streaming movie business. Competition will continue to come up with their own unique strategies in their efforts to steal away some of the market share and success that has enabled NetFlix to continue to be successful. Analyzing NetFlix ResultsThe successful results of NetFlix over the years since its beginning can be seen in many statistical views. Focusing on the customer to tell us how NetFlix has performed would show us that from 2002 it grew from 600,000 members to over 6,000,000 members in 2006 (NetFlix). Each year after, NetFlix has gained a substantial quantity of members and in 2010 had over 2 0,000,000 members (NetFlix). Although there was a loss of subscribers in 2012 due to the Qwikster strategy of about 1 million subscribers, 2013 is estimated that NetFlix has over 33,000,000 subscribers in 40 different countries (Market Watch, 2013).The rebound has definitely made up for the loss of a year ago. This is amazing growth in a short amount of time and NetFlix has done well to keep ahead of its growth with its infrastructure and planning. Many of the new subscribers every year were customers to local video outlets which have now suffered the reduction in business due to NetFlixs success. The opposite effect of NetFlixs success can be seen in businesses like Movie Gallery and Blockbuster as they have taken a large hit even to the extent of bankruptcy.Although it may be a short trip down to the video store, consumers have definitely shown by the numbers of subscribers that they enjoy the benefit and value of being able to have the movies come to them. Revenues are another wa y to show the success of NetFlix over the past 15 years. Like many other startup companies, the early years were not profitable. In 1999, the coming had to swallow $30 million in losses on only $5 million dollars of revenue (Funding Universe). However, by 2005 revenues had exceeded $600 million with net income of $42 million (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013).By 2008, these amounts had doubled (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013) and in 2012 NetFlix reported $3. 6 billion of revenue which was increase from the prior year by about 12% with $226 million net income (Bloomberg Business Week, 2013) . 2011 saw about a large growth of about 48% when compared to 2010 and while there was some growth of competitors in the recent years, many have seen negative growth in revenues partly due to the success of NetFlix. NetFlix has dominated market share in the digital on-line viewing of movies. According to a report by Sandvine Inc. in 2012, Netflix had captured 33% of prime-time web viewing (Edwards , 2012).As well, NetFlix has gained over 61% of all movie watching in the United States and with its aggressive strategy marches on to increase that as well as move aggressively internationally. Although international business continues to grow in subscribers, it is not yet profitable and currently is erasing much of the profits of the US business. It will take some time to get established internationally and provide profits. Stock prices for NetFlix had escalated significantly from the 2009 level of about $30 per share to the peak high value of $300 per share in 2011, but began a sharp downward trend in 2011 after the introduction of Qwikster.Basic earnings per share rose from a 2009 level of $2. 05 to that of $4. 28 in 2011 (NetFlix Investor Relations). It has taken some time to rebound from the events that surrounded the Qwikster disappointment, but stocks now seem to be continuing to increase as they appear to be reaching toward the $175 per share level. Review and Recommendatio ns Over the short existence of the NetFlix company, it has done a good job at giving the customer what it has wanted and more. Over 90% of subscribers have indicated that they would recommend the NetFlix service to a friend (Gamble, Thompson, Peteraf, 2013).NetFlix has been able to stay ahead of the rest of the movie rental industry by staying in touch with their customers and providing the services and movie selections that are important to them. The software that NetFlix has developed has made it easy for the customer to choose movies by categories and provides detail for each movie that helps subscribers make their decisions as to what to watch. The NetFlix software is also able to personalize the movie selection experience by capturing what the viewer has chosen before and what likes and dislikes the viewer has recorded after watching their selection.This personalization brings to the subscribers attention other movies that they may want to watch based on their preferences and l ikes in the past. NetFlix has given the opportunity for first time users to use the NetFlix services for an entire month for free. This allows the customer to feel like they are getting a real bargain as well as gives them ample time to try out the service before paying for it. The pricing structures that NetFlix has instituted gives the subscriber options as to how many DVDs can be rented at a time along with unlimited streaming.The $8. 99 membership is a bargain as unlimited DVDs and unlimited streaming of movies is included. The largest interruption to the NetFlix business was in 2011 when it decided to split the DVD portion of the business separately from the internet streaming portion. This move was not along the same lines as their customers were wanting. Qwikster was the new company that would handle all of the DVD rentals and NetFlix would continue to provide the streaming video. The two companies would not be separate and charge separately as well for their services.With th is change, a large price increase would be incurred as well as subscribers would pay separately for each service. It almost seems as though in this instance that NetFlix was not interested in what their customers wanted. The strategy to break these services into two distinct companies was not born from what would satisfy the customer but was rather an internal strategy to satisfy what the owners of NetFlix thought to be advantageous. Along with the change, the communication to the subscribers was ineffective and poorly distributed.This poor decision did not sit well with about 1 million lost customers and stock prices fell dramatically during this period. After the fact, NetFlix heard the voices of the customer and decided to abandon this strategy and go back to the original format, but the damage had been done. The recommendation here is to find out what the customer views as important before fully developing and implementing new changes. NetFlix had been following this well until the 2011 Qwikster event.Now they have learned the hard way how important it is to know what the customer views as valuable in their services. Even with the loss of 1 million customers, NetFlix began to rebound and grow with additional subscribers, but how much more could they have accomplished without this major set- back. Conclusion I have enjoyed the services that NetFlix has provided related to DVD rentail and streaming movies and TV shows over the internet right to my living room. NetFlix has worked hard to ensure that their customers have many selections at a reasonable price.The company has grown substantially year after year with more customers, revenues, and profits and has taken and maintains the lead in this industry. Although this success has come quickly, it has not come easy. NetFlix has had to effectively plan, implement, and successfully change its strategies to satisfy its customers and stay in the industry lead. It has done well in implementing these strategies and the results speak for themselves. References The History of Redbox. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. edbox. com/timeline Sunderland, N. (2011). Convenience The past and future of movie rentals. Retrieved from http//www. tetonvalleynews. net/entertainment/movies/convenience-the-past-and-future-of-movie-rentals/article_d88d5148-5000-11e0-8a97-001cc4c03286. html Gamble, J. E. , Thompson, A. A. , & Peteraf, M. A. (2013). Essentials of strategic management (3rd ed. ). pp. 277-303. Location Mcgraw-Hill Irwin Wofford, T. (2013). How these companies are streaming money. Retrieved from http//beta. fool. om/tlwofford/2013/01/13/online-video-streaming-performing-well/20918/ Funding Universe. (n. d. ) Retrieved from http//www. fundinguniverse. com/company-histories/NetFlix-inc-history/ NetFlix. (n. d. ) Retrieved from https//signup. netflix. com/MediaCenter/Timeline Roth, D. (2009). Netflix everywhere sorry cable, youre history. Retrieved from http//www. wired. com/techbiz/it/magazine/17-10/ ff_netflix? currentPage=all Seeking Alpha. (2013). Domestically funding international growth the NetFlix strategy. Retrieved from http//seekingalpha. om/article/1293701-domestically-funding-international-growth-the-netflix-strategy Forbes. (2013). Sizing up NetFlixs international subscriber growth potential. Retrieved from http//www. forbes. com/sites/greatspeculations/2013/03/05/sizing-up-netflixs-international-subscriber-growth-potential/ Market Watch. (2013). NetFlix to announce first-quarter 2013 financial results. Retrieved from http//www. marketwatch. com/story/netflix-to-announce-first-quarter-2013-financial-results-2013-04-02 Bloomberg Business Week. (2013). Retrieved from http//investing. usinessweek. com/research/stocks/earnings/earnings. asp? ticker=NFLX Edwards, C. (2012). Bloomberg. NetFlix dominates streaming rivals in web-video market. Retrieved by http//www. bloomberg. com/news/2012-11-07/netflix-dominates-streaming-rivals-with-growing-web-video-share. html ONeil, M. (2011). Social Times. NetFlix owns 61% of US digital movie market share. Retrieved from http//socialtimes. com/netflix-infographic_b73597 NetFlix Investor Relations (n. d. ) 2011 Annual report. Retrieved from http//ir. netflix. com/annuals. cfm

Saturday Night at the Birthday Party

SATURDAY NIGHT AT THE BIRTHDAY PARTY Introduction Saturday, March 13th 2004, my friend Hannah had a costume party for her 13-year-old watchword Jason. Hannah invited 13 children to Jasons birthday costume party at her home in Kissimmee. The childrens ages ranged from three to thirteen years old. Mostly everyone came to her home robed in colorful costumes. Some were friendly, scary or funny, new(prenominal)s were homemade or store bought. A young married couple arrived around 430 pm with their three-year-old son, Matthew, who is the subject of this paper..His father John was dressed as a tattered bum and his wife Sarah was dressed as a friendly fairly witch. Little Matthew who is usually a white, blond hair male was dressed in a black cat revealfit complete with the painted salute to resemble a cat. He also wore the red nose, red cheeks and whiskers. He is tall and thin for his age. According to John and Sarah, Matthews parents, their son is a laughable little boy by nature. Emo tional Deveopment and Stranger Anxiety Matthew demonstrated a wide range of basic emotions as Kail and Cavanaugh predicted. Most scientists assure that complex emotions dont surface until 18 to 24 months of age (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2006, pa. 186). Complex emotions require the additional step of reflecting on ones avow expression and how one feels about it. Matthew moved his big blue eyes as he scanned the busy room filled with wild assortments of costumes that floated around him. Matthew did not speak much but his facial expressions of wonderment seemed to say what his mouth did not. Sometimes, his face would light up with excitement and other times he seemed to be paralyzed by fear.He reacted to the hip-hop music by bouncing up and down and c puzzle outping his hands. Matthew demonstrated stranger wariness by the end of the low year the child becomes wary in the presence of an unfamiliar adult (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2006, pa. 188). He ran to his mother and father and hid his fa ce in his mothers lap when someone approached him to try to engage him in a dance. Until then he appeared to have forgotten about his parents. His ability to explore and his quick return to his parents when fright showed that he had a secure holdfast to his mothers presence (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2006, pa. 177).Temperament I myself was dressed as Raggedy Annie. Matthew did not seem to be impressed with or afraid of my costume. He showed much interest in some of the other more outrageous costumes i. e. a Martian with antennas, and a Bugs lifetime port alike. Matthew just simply sat and stared at other costumes. He also smiled and laughs at others. When his parents allowed him to move about freely, Matthew hesitated and clung to his parents. That did not last for very long. As the night wore on, Matthew adjusted to his freedom and ventured away from the safety of his parents. This behavior can be easily related to temperment. Temperament is a consistent style or pattern in a childs behavior (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2006, pa. 93). When Matthew was first introduced to his stark naked environment, he seemed slow to the adjustment. He seemed to be processing new knowledge rather than just reacting to it. His activity level was very low at first. As time passed, he became more and more comfortable in his new surroundings and began to respond to it more favorably. This is evidence of Slow-To-Warm-Up temperament in which the childs behavior is initially inhibited and then becomes more like the unclouded or Difficult temperament types.He did not pay much attention to the people who were not dressed in costumes. He did not play or laugh with them at all. Rather, he appeared to be more interested in the array of colorful costumes and the behavior that they were engaged in, either laughing and/or dancing. Psychosocial phylogenesis Erikson predicted that by age 2 children strive for autonomy, independence from others and control over their own behavior (Kail and Cavana ugh, 2006, pa. 179). Around 600 pm it was time to eat. John and Sarah essay to get Matthew to sit with them so that they could eat together.Matthew did not expect to sit. He began to cry and pull away when his dad tried to lift him up. When they got Matthew to the table, Matthew did not want to eat. His parents tried everything. He was too excited about all that was going on around him. Clearly Matthew wanted to regulate what was and was not going to come on by exerting his independence so profoundly. He had demostrated his autonomy by resisting, crying, and pulling away. He is probably still going through his terrible two years. He has a strong will power, but it is short lived.His reaction to some of the other more scary costumes and his need to be in the safety of his parents at that time showed some doubt as to his ability to deal with the unexpected. Once again, Matthew became unsure of himself. Erikson would classify this type of behavior as AUTONOMY vs SHAME & discredit. Cognitive Development Some of the other guests sensing what was going on with Matthew, attempted to help John and Sarah. A happy smiling clown went over and played with Matthew. The clown got him to eat some of his hamburger and french fries.A white rabbit with a big fuzzy tail pretending to nibble on an orange carrot went over to play with him and Matthew laughed and played joyfully. A silly puppet went over and danced in front of Matthew. The puppet also got Matthew to eat a little more of his french fries and drink some of his apple juice. When the colorful clown and the silly puppet interacted with Matthew he reached out to them, smiled and laughed with them. They got him to eat. Then a hungry pig came over to Matthew and tried to play with him. Matthew cried and pulled away. A ghost and a Freddy Kruger look alike went to say hello to Matthew.Matthew cried, swatted his hands at them to leave, depraved away from them, and started yelling no-no. Matthews fear of Freddy reveals t he quality of Appearance as reality which is characteristic of the Preoperational stage of cognitive development (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2006, pa. 138). During the preoperational stage, magical thinking is the see and children have great difficulty distinguishing between fantasy and reality. In Matthews mind he believed the costumes were real. He believed the scary characters wanted to harm him (twisting away, swatting hands, crying out no no).His behavior was guided by a mistaken belief (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2004, pa. 123). I asked Matthew about the clown and the rabbit. Matthew said, FUNNY, I WANT GO DOWN AND incline WITH THEM. Matthew was also displaying CONFUSION BETWEEN APPEARANCE AND REALITY. Matthew is probably in the pre-operational stage of development. Although Matthews parents as well as he himself were dressed in costumes he still could not understand that these where simply people dressed up as he and his parents were. Theory of Mind This behavior is typical for a pre-ope rational thinker.Piaget stated that children typically believe others see the world literally and figuratively exactly as they do. (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2004, pa. 134). Matthew may have seen these types of characters in other settings, like television. Based on the animated characters portrayals, and the way others reacted toward them, his memory has probably developed a schema toward those characters (fear-bad or friendly-nice). After getting permission from his parents I spoke with Matthew. I asked him why he cried when the pig and ghost tried to play with him? Matthew said because they are bad.Then I asked if the pig and the ghost had been mean to him. His resolve was SCARRY. This statement has lead me to believe that Matthew was exercising a theory of mind by attributing motivations to the other characters (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2006, pa. 123). (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2006, pa. 186) Conclusion In Matthews preoperational thinking, an objects way tells what the object is really like . Matthew is learning how to assert his wishes and to categorize his likes and dislikes. He has a theory of mind which includes attributes of good vs. evil.He showed no emotion towards the people who were not in costumes even though they were strangers to him. He paid much more attention to the people who were in costumes and perceived them to be what they were imitating. Matthew distinguished between the clown, puppet, rabbit, pig, ghost and the Freddy Kruger look alike. He had and idea of what was safe and what was not safe, no matter how friendly they were to him. He demonstrated a wide range of emotion and secure attachment to his parents. Bibliography Kail, V. C. , Cavanaugh, J. C. (2004). Human Development-A Life-Span View Belmont, CA. Wadsworth,

Informed consent Essay

In mixtureed react is a phrase often used in law to indicate that the consent a somebody gives meets certain minimum standards. As a literal matter, in the absence of fraud, it is redundant. An informed consent bay window be said to have been given found upon a clear appreciation and understanding of the facts, implications, and future consequences of an action. In order to give informed consent, the individual concerned must have adequate debate faculties and be in possession of all relevant facts at the time consent is given. (Wikipedia).UK case law on consent has established three requirements that remove to be satisfied onwards a potential leaf node can give informed consent 1. Consent should be given by somebody with the mental ability to do so. 2. Sufficient information should be given to the participant. 3. Consent must be freely given. A healer must evermore get informed consent to give treatment. This should be done by clearly explaining the treatment you will be gi ving, any risks that may be come to and any other alternative treatments that may be possible.A record of the treatment plan including all decisions must be kept and passed to all professionals come to in their care. Informed consent cannot be given by a client under the age of 16 so the parent or wakeless guardian are authorised to give it. Consent can be given either in writing or verbally and should be ground upon the information being clearly explained by the therapist and fully understood by the client. The therapist should not just hand over a form for the client to sign as they may not fully read the exposit on it.An information sheet should be given which should include clobber the therapist feels is suitable for each individual client. It could also have details of any books or websites that could be of use. The information should include the type of treatment, the outcomes, all cost/expenses, any risks or consequences which may be incurred and available options. Ever ything must be understood by the client and the therapist can establish this by request if all information is clear or if anything more is required.The therapist should be aware of the needs of their potential client in case, for example, they have a chore reading. Alternative formats such as MP3, CD or picture data may be required. The client should freely ask questions so clarification can be obtained. Effective communication should be used to find out what a patient wants and needs to know. As treatment is ongoing and may change, the therapist must ensure that the client is made aware of these and that they understand and agree to them.The client should be in full possession of their faculties and not be afflicted by health problems such as illness, drug addiction or alcohol problems. It is the responsibility of the therapist to get informed consent from the client before treatment begins. In many areas of therapeutic practice, it is considered to be a legal and ethical require ment to have informed consent as it is possible that legal action could be taken against a therapist if they begin treatment without it.However, the Medical Council states that while a signed consent form provides good secernate that a discussion has taken place, it does not prove that consent is truly informed. If a client is only given a form to sign with no verbal explanation, it loses all significance as it becomes an undemanding formality that must be complied with for legal purposes. This does not serve the ethical objectives of consent. (Good Medical Practice in Seeking Informed Consent to Treatment 2008/9).The therapist must check with the client that they have understood and are satisfied with all the information and details they have been given. Any outstanding problems should be clarified prior to the client giving informed consent. Implied consent is consent which is understood without being explicitly tell (Dictionarist). It is a form of consent which is not expressl y granted by a person, but rather inferred from a clients actions and the facts and circumstances of a particular situation (Wikipedia). There is no direct agreement given either verbally or in writing to confirm consent.If a client came to see a hypnotherapist following having received information from them, it would be assumed as implied consent to hypnosis as they have made a decision to set an appointment for treatment. Written consent should be obtained before any treatment is given but after the therapist has clearly explained hypnotherapy and is sure that it has been understood by the client. It must be obtained from the parent or legal guardian of a child or a young person before therapy begins. Written consent should always be given in advance if any audio or visual recordings are to be made.

Business Model of Amazon Essay

virago.com is the pi cardinalering book hold on on the Internet that first opened in July 1995 by Jeff Bezos. The solid offers online shop dos and partnership opportunities such as online search for books, music and video items. The products that they sell include an array of audio, video and book titles. amazon has one of the widest selections and employs international shipping to virtually e demonstrablely corner of the globe in just a few days. amazons focus is having the biggest selection of free-electronic recognize cards, online auction and millions of books, CDs, videos, DVDs, toys and electronics. They take away expanded to different areas of the world, such as Amazon.co.uk and Amazon.de, to helper consumers outside of the United States. They aim to be a Cost leader in which their firm has lower costs than the competitors. They give employed different Amazon branches in different parts of the world to lower costs. This allows Amazon to ship their products at a lower price from each point of shipment to the consumer.In recent long time, Amazon.com has expanded from being just an online bookstore to an all around online shopping examine. They have coined the tag line Earths biggest selection. Amazon has diversified into different websites. These are the Internet Movie Database (www.imdb.com), LiveBid.com, amazon.livebid.com, drugstore.com (an online retail and information some health and wellness), gear.com (online sporting goods company), homegrocer.com (online grocery shopping and sales talk), pets.com (largest pet supply online shopping site), ashford.com (online luxury and premium shopping) and eZiba.com (online retailer of handcrafted products). Five Forces Model for Industry Analysis novel EntrantsThe online bookstore industry that Amazon.com has pioneered in was, at first, very hard to penetrate. There were different barriers such as distributing capabilities and the variety of the selection offered that are supposed to be hurdled. Ama zon successfully solved the tricky parameters as being the first one to get into the whole idea of online retail. With being the first, they had the luxury to set what were the norms for the industry. Factors that may lower these barrier tactics would be a wider selection and theability to go to an actual bookstore to exchange or return books or former(a) products. This network of actual retail spaces makes it easier for the consumer to return or exchange the products they were not satisfied with. These handicaps of Amazon were the basis for the emergence of book retail giants Barnes and Noble and Borders in the online shopping industry. Industry CompetitorsThe major competitors of Amazon are Barnes and Noble and Borders. Barnes and Noble is a retail giant offering books and CDs both in their outlets all everyplace the country. It opened their online industry in 1997 and has become the fourth largest e-commerce sites today. Focused largely on the sale of books, music, software, ma gazines, prints, posters, and related products, the company has capitalized on the recognized brand cling to of the Barnes & Noble name to become the second largest, and one of the fastest growing, online distributors of books. Their advantage to Amazon is the brand name and the availability of actual retail outlets in which consumers could go in to exchange or return products easily. They also have an established book selection based in their retail operations.Borders is another multi-media retail store found in major cities around the country. Started out as a small bookshop in the college town of Ann Arbor, Michigan, it has since expanded into one of the finest bookstores. In 1992, Borders was bought by the Kmart group which further flourished the company into a Multi Media Giant with a wide selection of Audio, Video and Books found throughout the United States. The Online Bookstore industry have become a fierce business which involves discounts, varied selections and fast deliv ery in which all three companies are challenging each other. BuyersThe consumers of this industry git be found in every corner of the population. These are mostly people who have had some form of higher education and have nark to the Internet and computers. The segment of online shoppers has increased dramatically in recent years due to the convenience of shopping in the comforts of the home and the accessibility of the Internet. These developments have made it easier for consumers to log on and buy on the Internet.Consumers also tend to compare prices among the retail leaders such that buyers are able to buy products with very bigdiscounts compared to ones bought in actual retail outlets. The bargaining power of the consumer is based on the competitive strategies of each sprightly firm in the industry. Thus, consumers can repugn one firm for charging more than the other one such that the firm lead beat the price of the competing firm. SuppliersAmazons suppliers range from the publishing and media houses to electronics manufacturers. Amazon buys all their books, videos and audio CDs from the multi media houses and publishing giants such as Time Warner, Doubleday etc. Amazon also has alliances with other bookstores to cover orders that they cannot serve. SubstitutesThe substitutes for Amazon and other online bookstores are the actual book retailers and music stores such as Barnes and Nobles, Virgin Megastore, Tower Records, Sam Goody and other small mom-and-pop outlets. With the rise of online retail, there will be small(a) impact from these substitutes. One impact would be some consumers who would like to hold or listen to their purchases prior to buying and those who are into the whole shopping experience. Barnes and Nobles have jumped into online retail and have succeeded into diversifying into the new e-commerce industry. Industrial Organization ModelDegree of CompetitionDue to the shift of focus for Amazon, it has become the Earths biggest anything s tore. Its competitors have expanded from just online book retailers Barnes and Nobles and Borders to top audio retailers CDNOW.com and online auction house EBAY.com. Amazon has an overall lead of 40% commercialize plow administer against the other online retail firms. Their international business has more than doubled over the past 2 years and this growth increased Amazons share in the online business market. Life CycleAmazon, in its first years, had negative income but the rise of e-commerce sites and being the pioneer made the succeeding years led to boom time for them. Their growth period was during 1994 to 1995 when they were the first of its kind in the world. They incurred very high costs in terms of diffusions to customers. Still with a negative income, Amazon went public in 1997 and had one of the biggest IPOs of the time. With investors banking on future positive cash flow for this company, Amazons market value soared. many a(prenominal) people caught on with the idea of online shopping, thus, Amazons success. Amazons success as an online retailer prompted bricks-and-mortar rivals Barnes and Noble and Borders to join in. Competition decreased Amazons profitability so in the past couple of years, Amazon has expanded to more than books, audio and video to electronics and other retail concepts. Social relevancyAmazons products are marketed for every consumer possible. Books, audio, video and electronics are appreciated by majority of the population especially those who have access to the Internet. Amazon is active in pursuing literacy programs for young children by collaborating with the makers of the Dr. Seuss books. They have actively participated in the Dr. Seuss shops, story telling sessions and Dr. Seuss days. Degree of GlobalizationAmazons strength internationally lies within its networks in major ports and cities around the Globe. Amazon first started out in Seattle but as soon as they have established a niche market, they have opened shop all over the nation and in cities such as London, Berlin, The Hague, Paris, Tokyo, Singapore and many more. These branches overseas improves their delivery service to a wide consumer base. Extent of Government ControlThere has not been many government regulations regarding online retailing. A group of CEOs whose firms that are engaged in such practices have formed an organization called Global Business Dialogue. This GBD group supports the development of a seamless worldwide system that delivers the broadest array of goods and services to the largest number of consumers at the most competitive prices. This work effort will offer recommendations to the WTO, including making the moratorium on online tariffs permanent and collaborate with governments to target and eliminate discriminations against, or other non-tariff barriers to global trade in, electronic commerce. This working group will also provide an avenue for the GBDs to consider and promote thegrowth of the electronic marketplace in an environment unencumbered by detrimental taxation. Degree of Vertical IntegrationAmazons primary value chain includes purchasing/sourcing, marketing, distribution and after-sales services, which includes returns and exchanges from unsatisfied customers. Their main focus is in the purchasing/sourcing and in the distribution of the products to the consumers. Their investments are therefore, geared towards warehouses in key points of high consumer demand areas and an efficient delivery and distributing system to service all its consumers. Thus, Amazon controls most of its distributing system that spans across borders. Inter Organization of Network EconomicsAmazon in its efforts to sustain its market leadership in the online retailing industry has tied up with various online organizations. Netscape Navigator and Amazon will offer members of Netscape Netcenter a co-branded storefront where Earths Biggest Bookstore will be easily accessed through Netscape Netcenter (home.netscape. com). In addition, Amazon.com has multi-year exclusive and premier bookseller relationships with 5 of the top 6 sites on the World Wide Web AOL.com, Yahoo, Netscape, GeoCities, and Excite. These partnerships lead Amazons presence in the World Wide Web. Sensitivity to Business CyclesThe Online retailing business has a very quick cyclical growth. Amazon being one of the firsts to venture in this type of commerce are all ready in what seems to be in their decline stage where market share is declining. Therefore, Amazon is expanding to different industries within online retailing. Amazon and other online retailing firms are very sensitive to business cycles due to the speed of technology composite in the services they offer. Dynamics of New Knowledge GenerationOnline retailing relies on the work of an excellent distribution system. Amazon has invested their money into expanding their network of distribution centers around the globe. They also have investments in creating better techno logy for tracking orders and giving efficient delivery systems for their customers. Amazon.com has remained on top of the online retailingbusiness contempt the entrance of giants such as Barnes and Nobles and Borders. Their success is attributed to two factors timing and continuing to invest heavily into the inventory and distribution systems. Amazon, by being the first of its kind, has a big lead over the nearest competitors due to their experience and its reputation as the first movers.Their thrust remains on improving efficient delivery systems across borders and to build name recognition as the number one retailing firm in the Internet. They have also ventured into different retail options to salve that lead. Marketing, Innovative inventory and distribution systems, and name recall have helped Amazon build a sustainable competitive advantage. In order for any online retail company to remain prosperous and income generating, they must invest a lot of time and money into researc h and development of more efficient operations and distributions systems. This proven to be key for the Market Leader in online retailing, Amazon.Com. Mary Grace Velasco,College of Business Administration,Senior, Fordham University,Fall 2000

Exploratory essay

There ar many students that excel in variant and writing but moieties there are writing ch solelyenges that even they come upon on. And with mounting them, are their minds in the most activeness that they slew be in? This begins a question of if students were to emphasize all these habits they already learn, leave alone that achieve themselves a fuller active mind with greater flexibility in their edition and writing? And is this an idea that all students should be taking an advantage of.Every year we have all these new-fangled students entering into their college lives ready to stretch their knowledge and learn all these new techniques in enlighten. Taking with them, everything that have learned in high school and beginning to build more on those things. Learning how to approach all these divers(prenominal) challenges and growing towards becoming more intellectual in their writings. But before they go off begin to approach these things, they need to find where they stand in reading and writing.To know how well their abilities are and what is it that they need to begin working on so that they are ready for the bigger writing challenges that pass on come before them. cognize the habits of mind is what is going to help them understand here they stand it will help them improve and position themselves for every new writing assignment they encounter. In high school these habits of mind criteria helped me understand more about where I stand in reading and writing.The habits of mind hold things like curiosity and openness where you want to know more and begin to approach things in different slipway. This helps me understand that in high school, curiosity and openness is what helped motivated me to seek for answers and explore new ways to find the connections and information I needed. Having engagement and creativity is what gave me that sense to build on the new things I learned and begin to approach things differently.My ability in high school with per sistence and responsibility gave me a constant need to keep on trying and share my ideas with others and acted upon them. And lastly, the habits of mind include habits of flexibility and metrification. flexibleness helped me recognize different situations and helped me learn how to approach them and metrification is what helped me reflect on everything to improve on the newer things. Knowing these habits of mind criteria has helped me understand what my threaten are and what are the things I need more strength in.We all have different abilities in reading and writing and there are always certain areas that we can improve in. After learning what these habits of minds are, it has shown me that I can become a great writer and I know the places I need to improve on. I do believe that these habits are the pinpoints of becoming a great writer and if we emphasize these points, then it can only bring a bigger melioration for every student in college. Its a foundation that can help people i mprove in their reading and writing skills and help them have a broaden mind.

Sociological Perspective

The Sociological vista stresses the social context in which people live. In other words its wherefore we do the things that we do, such as our beliefs, attitudes, and guidelines we live by. It examines how these contexts influence peoples lives. It can excessively be delimitate as understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context. At the center of the sociological perspective is the question of how groups influence people, especially how people atomic number 18 influenced by society. A society is a group of people who share a culture and a territory.Sociology is similar to the other social intuitions it is also different as well. The other social sciences include anthropology, economics, political science, and psychology. Like sociology, anthropology studies the culture within. It also studies a group structure, belief systems, and deals with communication. Economics is similar to sociology because if refers to how societies goods and services are dis tributed, and how that distribution results in inequality. With political science you study how people govern one another, and how those in power affect peoples lives. pull by means of but not least theres psychology. Like sociology, psychology studies how people adjust to the difficulties of life. With similarities fetch all kinds of differences in most cases. Sociologists condense primarily on industrialized societies un uniform anthropology which focus on tribal people. Economists and political science focus on more than one social institution, sociology focus on a single institution. Unlike psychologists, sociologists stress factors external to the individual to determine what influences people and how they adjust to life.Psychologists focus on the internal parts of your life. Most of the questions on the common sense quiz were a unforesightful grand. Half of them were really shocking to me. One that surprises me was number two. One thing that really surprises me is the fac t that womens earnings have only gone up slightly. You would think that in the world we live straightaway it would be equal well, to me it should be. Its been many years since women have not been treated equally. I like to treat everyone equally, that should be the way of life.The fact that crime rate outside of fast-food restaurants is higher than crime order outside of topless bars is very surprising and somewhat funny. I can see wherefore though, sort of, like it said topless bars hire security so I adventure thats the reason why the crime rates higher at a place that doesnt have any security at all. Its funny because theres usually a lot of people outside of a fast-food restaurant and what are they going to do run through the drive threw and steal your food. Extensive testing of Islamic terrorists shows that theyre more normal then(prenominal) mentally ill.Get out of here, individual that wants to kill their own race and sacrifice themselves is most surely mentally ill. O k, there doing it because they think that thats what there god wants. I just think that someone that wants to sacrifice themselves to their gods is mentally ill to me its just not the way of life. Another one that was shocking to me was that bicyclists today that wear helmets are more likely to have a head injury than the bicyclists that get dressedt wear a helmet. I can see that the reason why is because the ones that wear the helmet are more likely to do something crazy than the ones without.It just really surprises me cause you think the ones not have on a helmet would cause more head injuries. Im terrified to do something crazy on a bike therefore I dont need a helmet but you should perpetually wear one. In conclusion sociology is a lot more interesting to me than any other science. It studies why we do the things that we do, and why different cultures have different ways of life. I know Im really going to enjoy the rest of this class and will learn many new things that I nev er thought of before.